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AI Governance for Regulated Industries: Financial Services, Public Sector, Healthcare, and Utilities

Why high-impact sectors need stronger controls before AI becomes operational risk   EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Artificial intelligence is entering the sectors where trust matters most — banking, insurance, government, healthcare, and critical infrastructure. These industries share one defining feature: their decisions directly affect people, markets, critical services, public trust, and national resilience, which is why AI...

Continuous Validation: Why Annual Reviews Are Not Enough for AI Systems

How organizations can move from periodic control checks to real-time confidence in AI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY For decades, periodic reviews — annual audits, quarterly risk assessments, scheduled compliance checks — have formed the backbone of the traditional assurance model. For artificial intelligence, that model is no longer sufficient. AI systems are dynamic: data changes, models are...

AI Assurance: The New Frontier for Boards, Audit Committees, and Risk Leaders

Why responsible AI adoption requires independent confidence, not just innovation ambition   EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Artificial intelligence has moved from experimentation into core business operations — and once AI influences decisions, processes transactions, or touches sensitive data, it becomes part of the organization’s control environment. The question for boards and audit committees is no longer “should...

AML/CFT for VASPs in Jamaica: What the New Guidelines Require

  The AML/CFT/CPF Guidelines are the backbone of the VASP regime. Here is what they require — from the institution-wide risk assessment to customer due diligence, monitoring, record-keeping and reporting to the FID.   In short: of the three instruments in the FSC’s proposed VASP framework, the AML/CFT/CPF Guidelines carry the most weight — they...

The FSC VASP Consultation Explained: Timeline, Instruments and What Happens Next

Jamaica’s Financial Services Commission has opened its proposed VASP licensing regime for public comment. Here is what is on the table, how to respond, and the road from consultation to a live licence.   In short: the FSC published its proposed VASP licensing framework for public consultation on 10 June 2026, with comments due by...

Jamaica’s Proposed VASP Licensing Regime: The Complete Guide

Everything businesses, boards and investors need to understand about how Jamaica will license and supervise virtual asset service providers — the six license classes, capital and substance, AML/CFT, proof of reserves, fees, and the road to enactment.   In short: the Financial Services Commission (FSC) has proposed a full licensing regime for virtual asset service...

Climate on the Balance Sheet: Quantifying What the Region Can No Longer Ignore

  Climate risk has stopped being an environmental footnote and become a financial one. It reaches the balance sheet through two channels — physical and transition — and the organisations that quantify it early will navigate the decade ahead far better than those that wait to be told. For most of the last two decades,...

The Liability on Your Balance Sheet You May Be Underestimating

Beyond pensions, IAS 19 captures gratuities, long-service awards, post-retirement medical cover and accumulated leave. Unfunded and long-dated, these obligations are routinely under-provided — until an actuary measures them properly. Most boards know there is a number on their balance sheet for the pension plan. Far fewer are confident about the other employee-benefit obligations sitting beside...

Expected Credit Loss Without the Guesswork: ECL for Caribbean Cooperatives

  For the credit unions at the heart of Caribbean finance, IFRS 9’s expected-credit-loss model can feel like institutionalised guessing. Done with discipline, it is the opposite — and a powerful early-warning system. Across the Caribbean, credit unions and cooperatives are not a financial-sector afterthought — they are a cornerstone. They hold the savings of...

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